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Bill Nye - Volcanoes

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this is an ancient landscape actually it's just a few weeks old  but some of the oldest land on Earth came from the same place this **** from from home listen to science Rules cowbell the Science Guy is brought to you by the law offices of magma lava and pumice making mountains out of vent hole for over four billion years they look at this it's a mountain volcano volcano hot molten rock from deep inside the earth Finds Its way to the surface  listen hot mold Rockets a mild acid and help it find its way to the surface will add some sodium bicarbonate  should we like  hard rock the molten rock from deep inside the pressure builds up explode when anytime now in my kitchen maybe better I mean I mean that's it that's it I mean what's the big deal  what should the deal take a look volcanoes can go down entire force in just a few seconds they can reroute rivers and form new Lakes car New Valley Harmon Tire landscapes in a matter of hours and that's what happened around here when that mountain right there blue it's hot it's Mount Saint Helens erupted in 1980 s in the Pacific Northwest of North America Heather different types of channels they don't always explode when they erupted show me volcanoes when I say us I'm talking about hundreds of thousands of tons of Rock  roll over girls in degrees celsius they come out of the earth and then cool off to make new land land that you and I live on she's are different types of volcanoes but they all do this they all filled up the Earth's surface  since the Earth was Young Volcanoes have hurled fiery Rock from the planet's interior to its surface volcanoes usually occur where two tectonic plates run into each other where the Pacific Plate is colliding with the North American Plate of the Pacific Plate and the Hawaiian Islands are made of volcanoes so how did they get there  take a look it's are drifting plate Magnum simulator of science this is the Pacific Ocean this is the Pacific Ocean Floor the Pacific Plate this is a book the nearest we can tell deep beneath the Pacific Plate there's a stream of extremely hot Magnum recall a magma pool sheep the magma in the plume doesn't flow continuously instead it sputters like smoke from a chimney is always in the same spot so the pressure in the poem builds skip through the Pacific Plate spin the plate moves the pressure builds in the plume punches through again  Bruce Moore 10 punches through volcanic rock and Ash accompanied by billowing clouds of steam shoot into the air and build a new island how the Hawaiian Islands were formed we figured it out when we noticed at the rocks on the northern islands are older than the rocks on the southern islands is the Pacific Plate is we can detect pressure in the plume buildup and pressure build-up and boom volcanoes erupt because their gas is trapped in the magma deep inside the constant motion expanding gas is released from within expand and explode see a volcano is kind of like a bottle of soda there's a lot of carbon dioxide in there so if you put one bottle of soda on ice and you put the other bottle under a heat source  which one do you think is going to fix the most when we take the cat look I can't do everything for you ice and Heat  okay okay I'll do it fine cold  this is an active lava field  this is an active lava field a field of lava and it is hot The Love is falling under the surface red long hair hot hot hot once in awhile the surface collapses and we can see him it's called a skylight the lava here is really rude that's the cinder cone of a volcano and down in the crater is a lava vent sweating lava that Under Pressure vent to the surface filling up brand new land Solana flows downhill and channel pictures of the channels cool into a hard crust sometimes they form a lava to a lava tube like this one the volcano ends up with the hole subway system of lava building up new land and flowing sometimes all the way to the Sea here it is the love us falling into the same thing is true ocean into steam is making Brandon laugh talk about waterfront property molten lava solidify lamb just born the wind carries seeds all over the volcanic landscape if they happen to land in the right place some of them start growing their why do you think plants get started in these cracks that's where the water I want to rain so you getting started on these smooth surfaces will be hard to water just just runs away these plants are growing in soil that's beneath a layer of Ash a few years with a few more rains the plants will be getting their nutrients From the Ashes self the volcanic landscape will turn left pictures of brand new lake so their new plants growing here that brings in all kinds of new animals around here miniature as a way of generating self humanomics Google explain their soldiers in metal box can hot dog chili  Nation Burgers flame-broil you the phone number add as always balloons for the goodies and hot dogs from Bowman food this is the cone of a volcano called a cone cuz it's round and cone when volcano stop erupting lot of times they form a little bowl in the middle is a little it shows kilometers across this call the Caldera and under here is a chamber of Med when the magma chamber fills up the bottom of the Caldera Rises a little bit magma chamber dreams the bottom goes down  some volcanoes use are there volcanoes explode please consider please consider please consider the phone trailer Chris this is molten Let its liquid it flows just like a lava just like magma no matter how long we let it sit there it just sits there it doesn't boil it won't overheat and blow its top but this is boiling water it's only at a hundred degrees Celsius or legs at 300 degrees Celsius we let it sit there long enough eventually the pressure will what up inside here watch  it blew up that's because the water turns to water vapor a gas could expand the lad still just sitting there this is what happens in volcanoes some oozing volcanoes form when pocket of magma magma plume Finds Its way to the surface through some cracks in the plate other volcanoes happen on the Earth's plates slides underneath another plate if it's under the what's the plinkett's soap with water then later when the earth heat warms up enough to form a volcano it explodes volcanoes coming different shapes depending on how they're formed the shield volcano was formed by hot lava flows down the sides the lava comes out hot and flows a long way before Harden's that's why this volcano sort of flat like she'll next cinder cone volcano rupp's explosive Bosch  so it ends up talk and sort of flat on top so there's a third Shake the other two caught straticon sometimes it spews lava and other times Ginger Snaps  Shredder conus call with a symmetrical cone shape so there next year three flavors of volcanoes Shield cinder cone in Shrek homecoming could grab some bill on the connectors on the extra facilities is a composite cone or stratovolcano build by many eruptions of Ash Enders and fly  Vesuvius erupted violently in 1944 old world watched in awe as new Villages at the foot of them out  for the advancing lava dining what does this remind you of honey you know what that reminds me of  come on honey I want to hear you say it what is this remind honey it's embarrassing okay if you insist it reminds me of a strata cone volcano which builds up in the Earth's crust to make it big and strong dad  may I please be excused from the table  cherson how hot is lava show you that's hot how hot is lava silver and agrees Celsius the lab these Rock samples all came from underneath the Earth's crust and get this they used to be hot go over 1000 degrees Centigrade hot  Book of guano  can't exactly book sensor error volcanic rock volcanic rocks volcanoes oh that are cool oh yeah that's no problem what I say what else there a window on the underworld there a window on what's inside the Earth where all the once came from is Flowing underground for system of lava tubes it was coming on right here at the sea delete something on revolutionary protective suit in hopes of getting a closer glimpse of the Vault activity from stromboli play commissioned showtimes how to reject a tune in about five or six thousand years ago in a very active volcano show most recent large eruption occurred in 1990 so if you count the smaller eruptions the most recent one occurred in January 1995 about 50,000 people live on the Caldera right now so at this Museum we are always using scientific methods to monitor the Caldera activity to study the effects of the volcano on the environment  309 okay take a look at this  this one's called pahoehoe the other one is an ash and Cinder by the street name the Aloha banded  no  khafre how do they get here what kind of sick what take molten rock from under the Earth's crust and spit it out like so much mouthwash  could be that big volcano down the street I've got it the volcano this is a tree and used to be a lot of these trees used to be alive but they were killed just like that when Stormwind from Mount Saint Helens blew through this Valley Stormwind is a wind loaded with pumice volcanic ash exploding from the volcano and over 350 degrees C Stone win instantly not please down that we're close to the explosion and that it continued on how many kilometers completely scorching thousands of standing trees along the way just like that honey we're out of soap again don't get another deer try some where's the Earth's crust silly any other questions scrub my back rough out there some volcanoes that mean never erupted again these are called extinct volcano Kenya in Africa he has interrupted in millions of years the magma plume where the lava used to come from his cool to a solid mount Kenya is extinct so feel free to the house on it'll probably be okay for centuries a volcano that hasn't erupted in 200 years is called dormant like turn arrow Washington State it's just sleeping there's no MagnaFlow increase call you probably shouldn't feel the house thinking then of course there's ever Stromboli volcano I probably don't have to do you do not do not want to build a house right there Holy Mountain sticking out of the ground doing as she rocks by into Ukrainian with the earthquakes volcanoes popish best way of Aaliyah lyrics When the first the you have a Sunday instead of soccer predictions the swings and something ones following like relationship pay the Chase levels until it goes to the temple said that 2007 game well that's our show thanks for watching to excuse me I've got some Airborne gay side particle levels to Syria playing at a site isolation with the National Science Foundation had to take some more time now me some volcano sit there for hundreds of years centuries before they spoil so just you know if you hours this one is was taking a longer the weeks by giving us one of the features volcanoes in the unpredictability of the PC why we study that's why we're doing the whole show in the truck when exactly knows what

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